The Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan

Desiring to conclude a Convention for the avoidance of double taxation and the prevention of fiscal evasion with respect to taxes on income,

Have agreed as follows:

This Convention shall apply to persons who are residents of one or both of the Contracting States.

1. This Convention shall apply to taxes on income and imposed on behalf of a Contracting State or of its local authorities, irrespective of the manner in which they are levied.

2. There shall be regarded as taxes on income all taxes imposed on total income or on elements of income including taxes on income from the alienation of movable or immovable property, and taxes on the total amounts of wages or salaries paid by enterprises.

3. The existing taxes to which the Convention shall apply are in particular:

(a) in the case of the Republic of Uzbekistan:

(i) the tax on income of enterprises, associations and organisations;

(ii) the individual income tax on the citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan, foreign citizens and stateless persons; and

(hereinafter referred to as “Uzbekistan Tax”);

(b) in the case of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan:

(i) the income tax;

(ii) the super tax; and

(iii) the surcharge;

(hereinafter referred to as “Pakistan tax”).

4. This Convention shall also apply to any substantially similar taxes which are imposed by either Contracting State after the date of signature of this Convention in addition to, or in place of, the existing taxes. The competent authorities of the Contracting States shall notify each other of any substantial changes which have been made in their respective taxation laws.

1. For the purposes of this Convention, unless the context otherwise requires:

a) the term “UZBEKISTAN” means the Republic of Uzbekistan and by the use in the geographical sense includes its territory, the territorial waters and air space over them where the Republic of Uzbekistan may exercise sovereign rights and jurisdiction including rights to use the subsoil and natural resources in accordance with international law and the laws of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

b) the term “Pakistan” used in the geographical defined in the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and includes any area outside the territorial waters of Pakistan which under the laws of Pakistan and international law is an area within which Pakistan exercises sovereign rights and exclusive jurisdiction with respect to the natural resources of the seabed, subsoil and superjacent waters;

c) the terms “Contracting State” and “the other Contracting State” mean Uzbekistan or Pakistan as the context requires;

d) the term “person” includes an individual, a company and any other body of persons;

e) the term “company” means any person that is a body corporate or any partnership, joint venture or other entity which is treated under the laws of the Contracting State from which it derives its status as such as a body corporate for tax purposes;

f) the terms “enterprise of a Contracting State” and “enterprise of the other Contracting State” mean respectively an enterprise carried on by a person who is a resident of a Contracting State and an enterprise carried on by a resident of the other Contracting State;

g) the term “international traffic” means any transport by a ship, aircraft, road vehicle or railway operated by an enterprise of a Contracting State, except when the ship, aircraft, road vehicle or railway is operated solely between places in the other Contracting State;

h) the term “competent authority” means, in in the case of the Republic of Uzbekistan the State Taxation Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan or its authorised representative;

and in the case of Pakistan — the Central Board of Revenue or its authorised representative;

i) the term “national” means any individual who has the citizenship of the Contracting State as well as any legal person, partnership, association or other entity deriving its status as such from the law in force in the Contracting State.

2. As regards the application at any time of this Convention by a Contracting State any term not therein defined shall, unless the context otherwise requires, have the meaning which it has for the purposes of the law of that Contracting State concerning the taxes to which the Convention applies.

1. For the purposes of this Convention, the term “resident of a Contracting State” means any person who, under the laws of that State, is liable to tax therein by reason of his domicile, residence, place of incorporation, place of management or any other criterion of a similar nature. But this term does not include any person who is liable to tax in that State in respect only of income from sources in that State or property situated therein. The term shall include also the Government of a Contracting State or a local authority therein, an instrumentality of any such Government or authority.

2. Where by reason of the provisions of paragraph 1, an individual is xesideftt of both Contracting States, then his status shall be determined as follows:

a) he shall be deemed to be a resident of the State in which he has a permanent home available to him; if he has a permanent home available to him in both States, he shall be deemed to be a resident of the State with which his personal and economic relations are closer (centre of vital interests);

b) If the State in which he has his centre of vital interests cannot be determined, or if he has not a permanent home available to him in either State, he shall be deemed to be a resident of the State in which he he has an habitual abode;

c) if he has a habitual abode in both States or in neither of them, he shall be deemed to be a resident of the State of which he is a national;

d) if each of the Contracting States considers him to be a resident of that State or of neither of them, the competent authorities of the Contracting States shall settle the question by mutual agreement.

e) if he is a national of neither State the competent authorities of the Contracting States shall seek by way of consultations to determine the Contracting State of which the person shall be deemed to be a resident for the purpose of this Convention.

3. Where by reason of the provisions of paragraph 1 a person other than an individual is a resident of both Contracting States, then it shall be deemed to be a resident of that Contracting State in which his place of effective management is situated.

1. For the purposes of this Convention, the term “permanent establishment” means a fixed place of business through which the business of an enterprise of a Contracting State is wholly or partly carried on in the other Contracting State.

2. The term “permanent establishment” includes especially:

a) a place of management;

b) a branch;

c) an office;

d) a factory;

e) a workshop, and

f) a mine, an oil or gas well, a quarry or any other place of extraction of natural resources.

3. The term “permanent establishment” also includes a building site, a construction, assembly or installation project, but only where such site, project or activities continue for a period of more than 6 months.

4. Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this Article, the term “permanent establishment” shall be deemed not to include:

a) the use of facilities solely for the purpose of storage or display of goods or merchandise belonging to the enterprise;

b) the maintenance of a stock of goods or merchandise belonging to the enterprise solely for the purpose of storage, display or delivery;

c) the maintenance of a stock of goods or merchandise belonging to the enterprise solely for the purpose of processing by another enterprise;

d) the maintenance of a fixed place of business solely for the purpose of purchasing goods or merchandise or of collecting information, for the enterprise;

e) the maintenance of a fixed place of business solely for the purpose of carrying on, for the enterprise, any other activity of a preparatory or auxiliary character;

f) the maintenance of a fixed place of business solely for any combination of activities mentioned in subparagraphs a) to e), provided that the overall activity of the fixed place of business resulting from this combination is of a preparatory or auxiliary character.

5. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2, where a person — other than an agent of an independent status to whom paragraph 7 applies — is acting in a Contracting State for or on behalf of an enterprise of the other Contracting State, that enterprise shall be deemed to have a permanent establishment in the first-mentioned State in respect of any activities “which that person undertakes for the enterprise, if such a person has and habitually exercise in that State an authority to conclude contracts on behalf of the enterprise, unless the activities of such person are limited to those mentioned in paragraph 4 which, if exercised through a fixed place of business, would not make this fixed place of business a permanent establishment under the provisions of that paragraph.

6. Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this Article, an insurance enterprise of a Contracting State shall, except in regard to reinsurance, be deemed to have a permanent establishment in the other Contracting State if it collects premiums in the territory of that other State or insures risks situated therein through a person other than an agent of an independent status to whom paragraph 7 applies.

7. An enterprise of a Contracting State shall not be deemed to have a permanent establishment in the other Contracting State merely because it carries on business in that other State through a broker, general commission agent or any other agent of an independent status, provided that such persons are acting in the ordinary course of their business.

8. The fact that a company which is a resident of a Contracting State controls or is controlled by a company which is a resident of the other Contracting State or which carries on business in that other State whether through a permanent establishment or otherwise shall not of itself constitute either company a permanent establishment of the other.

1. Income derived by a resident of a Contracting State from immovable property (including income from agriculture or forestry) situated in the other Contracting State may be taxed in that other State.

2. In this Convention, the term “immovable property” shall have the meaning which it has for the purposes of taxation under the laws of the Contracting State in which the property in question is situated. The term shall in any case include property accessory to immovable property, livestock and equipment used in agriculture and forestry, fishery of every kind, rights to which the provisions of general law respecting landed property apply, usufruct of immovable property and rights to variable or fixed payments as consideration for the working of, or the right to work mineral deposits, sources and other natural resources; ships, boats and aircraft shall not be regarded as immovable property.

3. The provisions of paragraph 1 shall apply to income derived from the direct use, letting or use in any other form of immovable property.

4. The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 3 shall also apply to the income from immovable property of an enterprise and to income from immovable property used for the performance of independent personal services.

1. The profits of an enterprise of a Contracting State shall be taxable only in that State unless the enterprise carries on business in the other Contracting State through a permanent establishment situated therein. If the enterprise carries on business as aforesaid, the profits of the enterprise may be taxed in the other State but only so much of them as is attributable to :

a) that permanent establishment;

b) sales in that other State of goods or merchandise of the same or similar kind as those sold through that permanent establishment; or

c) other business activities carried on in that other State of the same or similar kind as those effected through that permanent establishment.

2. Subject to the provisions of paragraph 3, where an enterprise of a Contracting State carries on business in the other Contracting State through a permanent establishment situated therein, there shall in each Contracting State be attributed to that permanent establishment the profits which it might be expected to make if it were a distinct and separate enterprise engaged in the same or similar activities under the same or similar conditions and dealing wholly independently with the enterprise of which it is a permanent establishment.

3. In determining the profits of a permanent establishment, there shall be allowed as deductions expenses which are incurred for the purposes of the business of the permanent establishment including executive and general administrative expenses so incurred, whether in the Contracting State in which the permanent establishment is situated or elsewhere. However, no such deduction shall be allowed in respect of amounts, if any, paid (otherwise than towards reimbursement of actual expenses) by the permanent establishment to the head office of the enterprise or any of its other offices, by way of royalties, fees or other similar payments in return for the use of patents or other rights, or by way of commission, for specific services performed or for management, or except in the case of a banking enterprise, by way of interest on moneys lent to the permanent establishment. Likewise, no account shall be taken in the determination of the profits of a permanent establishment for amounts charged (otherwise than towards reimbursement of actual expenses) by the permanent establishment to the head office of the enterprise or any of its other offices, by way of royalties, fees or other similar payments in return for the use of patents or other rights, or by way of commission, for specific services performed or for management, or except in the case of a banking enterprise, by way of interest on moneys lent to the head office of the enterprise or any of its other offices.

4. Insofar as it has been customary in a Contracting State to determine the profits to be attributed to a permanent establishment on the basis of an apportionment of the total profits of the enterprise to its various parts, nothing in paragraph 2 shall preclude that State from determining the profits to be taxed by such an apportionment as may be customary; the method of apportionment adopted shall, however, be such that the result shall be in accordance with the principles contained in this Article.

5. No profits shall be attributed to a permanent establishment by reason of the mere purchase by that permanent establishment of goods or merchandise for the enterprise.

6. For the purposes of the preceding paragraphs, the profits to be attributed to the permanent establishment shall be determined by the same method year by year unless there is good and sufficient reason to the contrary.

7. Where profits include items of income which are dealt with separately in other Articles of this Convention, then the provisions of those Articles shall not be affected by the provisions of this Article.

1. Profits derived by an enterprise of a Contracting State from the operation of ships, aircraft or railway or motor vehicles in international traffic shall be taxable only in that State.

2. For the purposes of this Article, profits derived by a transportation enterprise include :

a) profits from the rental on a bareboat basis of aircraft or road transport; and

b) profits from the use, maintenance of rental of containers (including trailers and other equipment for the transportation of containers) used for the transportation of goods or merchandise; where such rental or such use, maintenance or rental, as the case may be, is incidental to the operation of aircraft or road transport in international traffic.

3. The provisions of paragraph 1 and 2 shall apply to profits from the participation in a pool, (in a common fund) a joint business or an international operating agency.

4. Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 7, profits of an enterprise of a Contracting State engaged in the operation of motor vehicles or a railway as a common carrier derived from:

a) the transportation of passengers or property between a point outside the other Contracting State and any other point; or

b) the rental of motor vehicles (including trailers) or railway rolling stock, used to transport passengers or property between a point outside the other State and any other point, shall be exempt from tax in that other State.

1. Where

a) an enterprise of a Contracting State participates directly or indirectly in the management, control or capital of an enterprise of the other Contracting State, or

b) the same persons participate directly or indirectly in the management, control or capital of an enterprise of a Contracting State and an enterprise of the other Contracting State, and in either case conditions are made or imposed between the two enterprises in their commercial or financial relations which differ from those which would be made between independent enterprises, then any profits which would, but for those conditions, have accrued to one of the enterprises, but, by reason of those conditions, have not so accrued, may be included in the profits of that enterprise and taxed accordingly.

2. Where a Contracting State includes in the profits of an enterprise of that State — and taxes accordingly — profits on which an enterprise of the other Contracting State has been charged to tax in that other State and the profits so included are profits which would have accrued to the enterprise of the first-mentioned State if the conditions made between the two enterprises had been those which would have been made between independent enterprises, then that other State shall make an appropriate adjustment to the amount of the tax charged therein on those profits. In determining such adjustment, due regard shall be had to the other provisions of this Convention and the competent authorities of the Contracting States shall if necessary consult each other.

1. Dividends paid by a company which is a resident of a Contracting State to a resident of the other State may be taxed in that other State.

2. However, such dividends may also be taxed in the Contracting State of which the company paying the dividends is a resident and according to the laws of that State, but if the recipient and the beneficial owner of the dividends is a resident of the other Contracting State the tax so charged shall not exceed 10 per cent of the gross amount of such dividends. The competent authorities of the Contracting States shall by mutual agreement settle the mode of application of these limitations. This paragraph shall not effect the taxation of the company in respect of the profits out of which dividends are paid.

3. The term “dividends” as used in this Article means income from shares, “jouissance” shares or “jouissance” rights, mining shares, founders' shares or other rights, not being debt-claims, participating in profits, as well as income from other corporate obligations which is subjected to the same taxation treatment as income from shares by the laws of the Contracting State of which the company making the distribution is a resident.

4. The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 shall not apply if the beneficial owner of the dividends, being a resident of a Contracting State, carries on business in the other Contracting State of which the company paying the dividends is a resident, through a permanent establishment situated therein, or performs in that other State independent personal services from a fixed base situated therein, and the holding in respect of which the dividends are paid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment or fixed base. In such case the provisions of Articles 7 or 14, as the case may be, shall apply.

5. Where a company is a resident of a Contracting State, the other Contracting State may not impose any tax on the dividends paid by the company, except insofar as such dividends are paid to a resident of that other State or insofar as the holding in respect of which the dividends are paid is effectively connected with a permanent establishment or a fixed base situated in that other State, nor subject the companyʼs undistributed profits to a tax on the company's undistributed profits, even if the dividends paid or the undistributed profits consist wholly or partly of profits or income arising in such other State.

6. Nothing in this Convention shall be construed as preventing a Contracting State from imposing a special tax on the earnings of a company attributable to permanent establishments in that State, in addition to the tax which would be chargeable on the earnings of a company which is a resident of that State, provided that any such tax shall not exceed 10 per cent of the amount of such earnings which have not been subjected to such additional tax in previous taxation years. For this purpose earnings shall be determined after deducting all taxes, other than the special tax referred to in this paragraph, imposed in the Contracting State in which the permanent establishment exists.

1. Interest arising in a Contracting State and paid to a resident of the other Contracting State may be taxed in that other State.

2. However, such interest may also be taxed in the Contracting State in which it arises and according to the laws of that State, but, if the recipient and the beneficial owner of the interest is a resident of the other Contracting State, the tax so charged shall not exceed 10 per cent of the gross amount of the interest. The competent authorities of the Contracting States shall by mutual agreement settle the mode of application of this limitation.

3. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 2, interest arising in a Contracting State shall be exempt from tax in that State if :

a) the interest is beneficially owned by the other Contracting State or local authority or an instrumentality of such other State authority and is not subject to tax by that other State;

b) the interest is beneficially owned by the Central Bank of the Republic of Uzbekistan or State Bank of Pakistan, (the Bank of Banks of a Contracting State) or other similar organizations which under the existing laws of both Contracting States perform the functions relating to export and import on behalf of their respective States.

4. The term “interest” as used in this Article means income from debt-claims of every kind, whether or not secured by mortgage and in particular, income from government securities and income from bonds or debentures, including premiums and prizes attaching to such securities, bonds or debentures: Penalty charges for late payment shall not be regarded as interest for the purpose of this Article.

5. The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 shall not apply if the beneficial owner of the interest, being a resident of a Contracting State, carries on business in the other Contracting State in which the interest arises, through a permanent establishment situated therein, or perforins in that other State independent personal services from a fixed base situated therein, and the debt-claims in respect of which the interest is paid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment or fixed base. In such case the provisions of Article 7 or Article 14, as the case may be, shall apply.

6. Interest shall be deemed to arise in a Contracting State when the payer is a resident of that State. Where, however, the person paying the interest, whether he is a resident of a Contracting State or not, has in any other State a permanent establishment or a fixed base in connection with which the indebtedness on which the interest is paid was incurred and such interest is borne by such permanent establishment or fixed base, then such interest shall be deemed to arise in the State in which the permanent establishment or fixed base is situated.

7. Where, by reason of a special relationship between the payer'and the beneficial owner or between both of them and some other person, the amount of the interest, having regard to the debt-claims for which it is paid, exceeds the amount which would have been agreed upon by the payer and the beneficial owner in the absence of such relationship, the provisions of this Article shall apply only to the last-mentioned amount. In such case, the excess part of the payments shall remain taxable according to the laws of each Contracting State, due regard being had to the other provisions of this Convention.

1. Royalties arising in a Contracting State and paid to a resident of the other Contracting State may be taxed in that other State, if this resident is the real owner of these royalties.

2. However, such royalties may also be taxed in the Contracting State in which they arise and according to the laws of that State, but if the recipient and the beneficial owner of the royalties is a resident of the other Contracting State, the tax so charged shall not exceed 15 per cent of the gross amount of the royalties. The competent authorities of the Contracting States shall by mutual agreement settle the mode of application of this limitation.

3. The term “royalties” as used in this Article, means payments of any kind received as a consideration for the use of, or the right to use, any copyright of literary, artistic or scientific work including cinematograph films, or films or tapes used for radio or television broadcasting, any patent, trade mark, design or model, plan, secret formula or process, or for the use of, or the right to use, industrial, commercial, or scientific equipment, or for information concerning industrial, commercial or scientific experience.

4. The provisions of paragraph 1 and 2 shall not apply if the beneficial owner of the royalties, being a resident of a Contracting State, carries on business in the other Contracting State in which the royalties arise, through a permanent establishment situated therein, or perforins in that other State independent personal services from a fixed base situated therein, and the right or property in respect of which the royalties are paid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment or fixed base. In such case the provisions of Article 7 or Article 14, as the case may be, shall apply.

5. Royalties shall be deemed to arise in a Contracting State when the payer is a resident of that State. Where, however, the person paying the royalties, whether he is a resident of a Contracting State or not, has in any State a permanent establishment or a fixed base in connection with which the liability to pay the royalties was incurred, and such royalties are borne by such permanent establishment or fixed base, then such royalties shall be deemed to arise in the State in which the permanent establishment or fixed base is situated.

6. Where by reason of a special relationship between the payer and the beneficial owner or between both of them and some other person, the amount of the royalties, having regard to the use, right or information for which they are paid, exceeds the amount which would have been agreed upon by the payer and the beneficial owner in the absence of such relationship, the provisions of this Article shall apply only to the last-mentioned amount. In such case, the excess part of the payments-, shall remain taxable according to the laws of each Contracting State, due regard being had to the other provisions of this Convention.

7. The provisions of this Article shall not apply if it was the main purposes or one of the main purposes of any person concerned with the creation or assignment of the rights in respect of which the royalties are paid to take advantage of this Article by means of that creation or assignment.

1. Gains derived by a resident of a Contracting State from the alienation of immovable property, aforecited in Article 6, situated in the other Contracting State may be taxed in that other State.

2. Gains from the alienation of movable property forming part of the business property of a permanent establishment which an enterprise of a Contracting State has in the other Contracting State or of movable property pertaining to a fixed base available to a resident of a Contracting State in the other Contracting State for the purpose of performing independent personal services, including such gains from the alienation of such permanent establishment (alone or with the whole enterprise) or of such fixed base, may be taxed in that other State.

3. Gains derived by an enterprise of a Contracting State from the alienation of ships or aircraft operated in international traffic or movable property pertaining to the operation of such ships and aircraft, shall be taxable only in that State.

4. Gains from the alienation of any property other than that referred to in paragraph 1, 2 and 3, shall be taxable only in the Contracting State of which the alienator is a resident.

1. Income derived by a resident of a Contracting State in respect of professional or other similar services of an independent character shall be taxable only in that State except in the following circumstances, when such income may also be taxed in the other Contracting State:

a) if he has a fixed base regularly available to him in the other Contracting State for the purpose of performing his activities; in that case, only so much of the income as is attributable to that fixed base may be taxed in that other State; or

b) if his stay in the other Contracting State is for a period or periods amounting to or exceeding in the aggregate 90 days in any 12-month period commencing or ending in the calendar year concerned; in that case, only so much of the income as is derived from his activities performed in that other State in the year may be taxed in that other State.

2. The term “professional services” includes especially independent scientific, literary, artistic, educational or teaching activities as well as the independent activities of physicians, lawyers,engineers, architects, dentists and accountants.

1. Subject to the provisions of Articles 16,18 and 19, salaries, wages and other remuneration derived by a resident of a Contracting State in respect of an employment shall be taxable only in that State unless the employment is exercised in the other Contracting State. If the employment is so exercised, such remuneration as is derived therefrom may be taxed in that other State.

2. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 1, remuneration derived by a resident of a Contracting State in respect of an employment exercised in the other Contracting State shall be taxable only in the first-mentioned State if:

a) the recipient is present in the other State for a period or periods not exceeding in the aggregate 183 days in any twelve-month period commencing or ending in the calendar year concerned, and

b) the remuneration is paid by, or on behalf of, an employer who is not a resident of the other State, and

c) the remuneration is not borne by a permanent establishment or a fixed base which--the employer or any person associated with the employer has in the other State.

3. Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this Article, remuneration derived in respect of an employment exercised aboard a ship, aircraft or motor vehicle or railways transport operated in international traffic by an enterprise of a Contracting State may be taxed in that State.

Directors' fees and other similar payments derived by a resident of a Contracting State in his capacity as a member of the board of directors or similar organ of a company which is a resident of the other Contracting State may be taxed in that other State.

1. Notwithstanding the provisions of Articles 14 and 15, income derived by a resident of a Contracting State as an entertainer, such as a theatre, motion picture, radio or television artiste, or a musician, or as a sportsman, from his personal activities as such exercised in the other Contracting State, may be taxed in that other State.

2. Where income in respect of personal activities exercised by an entertainer or a sportsman in his capacity as such accrues not to the entertainer or sportsman himself but to another person, that income may, notwithstanding, the provisions of Articles 7, 14 and 15, be taxed in the Contracting State in which the activities of the entertainer or sportsman are exercised.

3. The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 shall not apply to income derived from activities performed in a Contracting State by artistes or sportsmen if the visit to that State is completely supported by public funds of one or both of the Contracting States or local authorities thereof. In such a case, the income is taxable only in the Contracting State of which the artiste or the sportsman is a resident.

1. Pensions arising in a Contracting,State and paid to a resident of the other Contracting State who is the beneficial owner thereof shall be taxed only in that other State.

2. For the purposes of the Convention, the term “annuity payments” means a stated sum paid periodically at stated times during life or during a specified number of years, under an obligation to make the payments in return for adequate and full consideration (other than services rendered), but does not include a pension or a payment that is not a periodic payment.

3. Alimony and other similar amounts (including child support payments) arising in a Contracting State and paid to a resident of the other Contracting State shall be taxable only in that other State.

1. a) Remuneration, other than a pension, paid by a Contracting State or a local authority thereof to an individual in respect of dependent personal services rendered to that State or authority shall be taxable only in that State. However, such remuneratiion shall be taxable only in the other Contracting State if the dependent services are rendered in that State and the individual is a resident of that State who:

(i) is a national of that State; or

(ii) did not become a resident of that State solely for the purpose of rendering the services.

2. a) Any pension paid by, or out of funds created by a Contracting State or by a local authority or instrumentality thereof to an individual in respect of services rendered to that State or to the authority or the instrumentality shall be taxable only in that State.

b) However such pension shall be taxable only in the other Contracting State if the individual is a resident of and a national of that State.

3. The provisions of Articles 15, 16 and 17 shall apply to remuneration and pensions paid in respect of services rendered in connection with a business carried on by a Contracting State or a local authority or an instrumentality thereof.

Payments which a student or business apprentice who is or was immediately before visiting a Contracting State a resident of the other Contracting State and who is present in the first-mentioned State solely for the purpose of his education or training receives for the purpose of his maintenance, education or training shall not be taxed in that State,provided that such payments arise from sources outside State.

1. Items of income of a resident of a Contracting State, wherever arising, not dealt with in the foregoing Articles of this Convention shall be taxable only in that State.

2. The provisions of paragraph 1 shall not apply to income, other than income from immovable property, if the recipient of such income, being a resident of a Contracting State, carries on business in the other Contracting State through a permanent establishment situated therein, or performs in that other State independent personal services from a fixed base situated therein, and the right or property in respect of which the income is paid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment or fixed base. In such case the provisions of Article 7 or Article 14, as the case may be, shall apply.

1. In respect of Uzbekistan, subject to the laws of Uzbekistan regarding the deductions of tax payable in any country other than Uzbekistan, tax payable in Pakistan in respect of income, profits, or gains derived from Pakistan shall be allowed as a credit against Uzbekistan tax.

2. In respect of Pakistan, subject to the laws of Pakistan regarding the deduction of tax payable in any country other than Pakistan, tax payable in Uzbekistan in respect of income, profits, or gains derived from Uzbekistan in respect of income, profits, or gains derived from Uzbekistan shall be allowed as a credit against Pakistan tax.

3. For the purposes of paragraph 1 and 2 of this Article, tax payable in a Contracting State shall be deemed to include any amount which would have been payable but for an exemption or privilege according to which such amount is not payable under the incentive laws of the respective Contracting State.

4. For the purpose of paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article, profits, income, or gains derived by a resident of one of the Contracting States which may be taxed in the other Contracting State in accordance with this Convention shall be deemed to be derived from in that other Contracting State.

1. National of-a Contracting State shall not be subjected in the other Contracting State to any taxation or any requirement connected therewith, which is more burdensome than the taxation and connected requirements to which national of that other State in the same circumstances, in particular with respect to residence, are or may be subjected. This provision shall, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 1 (Personal Scope), also apply to persons who are not residents of one or both of the Contracting States.

2. The taxation on a permanent establishment which an enterprise of a Contracting State has in the other Contracting State shall not be less favourably levied in that other State than the taxation levied on enterprises of that other State carrying on the same activities. This provision shall not be construed as obliging a Contracting State to grant to residents of the other Contracting State any personal allowances, reliefs or reductions for taxation purposes on account of civil status or family responsibilities which it grants to its own residents.

3. Except where the provisions of paragraph 1 of Article 9, paragraph 7 of Article 11, or paragraph 6 of Article 12, apply, interest, royalties and other disbursements paid by an enterprise of a Contracting State to a resident of the other Contracting State shall, for the purpose of determining the taxable profits of such enterprise, be deductible under the same conditions as if they had been paid to a resident of the first-mentioned State.

4. Enterprises of a Contracting State, the property of which is wholly or partly owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by one or more residents of the other Contracting State, shall not be subjected in the first-mentioned State to any taxation or any requirement connected therewith which is more burdensome than the taxation and connected requirements to which other similar enterprises of the first-mentioned State are or may be subjected.

5. The provisions of paragraph 3 shall not affect the provisions of the taxation laws of a Contracting State that are designed to counter transactions or arrangements having as their objective the avoidance of taxation.

1. Where a person considers that the actions of one or both of the Contracting States result or will result for him in taxation not in accordance with the provisions of this Convention, he may, irrespective of the remedies provided by the domestic law of those States, present his case to the competent authority of the Contracting State of which he is a resident or, if his case comes under paragraph 1 of Article 24, to that of the Contracting State of which he is a national. The case must be presented within three years from the first notification of the action resulting in taxation not in accordance with the provisions of the Convention.

2. The competent authority shall endeavour, if the objection appears to it to be justified and if it is not itself able to arrive at a satisfactory solution, to resolve the case by mutual agreement with the competent authority of the other Contracting State, with a view to the avoidance of taxation which is not in accordance with the Convention. Any agreement reached shall be implemented, notwithstanding any time limits in the domestic law of the Contracting States.

3. The competent authorities of the Contracting States shall endeavour to resolve by mutual agreement any difficulties or doubts arising as to the interpretation or application of the Convention. They may also consult together for the elimination of double taxation in cases not provided for in the Convention.

4. The competent authorities of the Contracting States may communicate with each other directly for the purpose of reaching an agreement in the sense of the preceding paragraphs. If for the reaching an agreement, it shall be advisable to organize a verbal exchange of opinions, such exchange of opinions may take place within the framework of the meeting of the commission consisting of representatives of the competent authorities of the Contracting States.

1. The competent authorities of the Contracting States shall exchange such information as is necessary for carrying out the provisions of this Convention or of the domestic laws of the Contracting States concerning taxes covered by the Convention insofar as the taxation thereunder is not contrary to the Convention, in particular, to prevent fraud and to facilitate the administration of statutory provisions against legal avoidance. Any information received by a Contracting State shall be treated as secret and shall be disclosed only to persons or authorities (including courts and administrative bodies) involved in the assessment or collection of, the enforcement or prosecution in respect of, or the determination of appeals in relation to, the taxes covered by this Convention. Such persons or authorities shall use the information only for such purposes. They may disclose the information in public court proceedings or in judicial decisions.

2. In no case shall the provisions of paragraph 1 be construed so as to impose on a Contracting State the obligation:

a) to carry out administrative measures at variance with the laws and administrative practice of that or of the other Contracting State;

b) to supply information which is not obtainable under the laws or in the normal course of the administration of that or of the other Contracting State; or

c) to supply information which would disclose any trade, business, industrial, commercial or professional secret or trade process, or information, the disclosure of which would be contrary to public policy (order public).

Nothing in this Convention shall affect the fiscal privileges of diplomatic agents or consular officers under the general rules of international law or under the provisions of special agreements.

Each of the Contracting States shall notify to the other, through diplomatic channels, the completion of the procedures required by its law for the bringing into force of this Convention. This Convention shall enter into force on the date of the later of these notifications and shall there upon have effect:

a) with respect to taxes withheld at source from the income received on the first day of January of the calendar year next following that in which the Convention enters into force;

b) with respect to other taxes on income, for all taxable periods beginning on and after the first day of January of the calendar years next following that in which the Convention enters into force;

This Convention shall remain in force until terminated by one of the Contracting States. Either Contracting State may terminate the Convention, through diplomatic channels, by giving notice of termination at least six months before the end of any calendar year beginning after the expiry of five years from the date of entry into force of the Convention.

In such event, the Convention shall cease to have effect:

a) With respect to taxes withheld at source on income received from first January in the calendar year next following that in which the notice of termination is given;

b) With respect to other taxes on income, for any taxable year beginning on or after the first day of January of the next following calendar year in which the notice of termination is given.

In witness whereof the undersigned, duly authorised thereto have signed this Convehtion.

Done in duplicate at Tashkent this 22 day of May, 1995 in two originals, each in the Uzbek and English languages, both texts being equally authentic.

During the negotiations, Uzbek delegation desired that taxes on capital may also be covered under this Convention. However, as the Pakistan taxation laws do not empower the Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan to conclude agreements in respect of taxes on capital, the present Convention was restricted to taxes on income only. It has been agreed that as and when the taxation laws of Pakistan are modified empowering the Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan to conclude an Agreement for the Avoidance of Double Taxation of capital, the competent authority of Pakistan will undertake to modify the present Convention with a view to extending its scope to taxes on capital.

It is further agreed that the provision of Article 8 of this Convention relating to the taxation of income of airlines operating in international traffic shall be effective as from first day of January, 1992.

Done in duplicate at Tashkent this 22 day of May, 1995 in two originals, each in the Uzbek and English languages, both texts being equally authentic.